🥵 Heat Index Calculator

Find out what the temperature really feels like outside using the official NWS heat index formula.

🥵 Temperature & Humidity
📊 Heat Index
Feels Like
🥵

Enter the air temperature and relative humidity, then click Calculate

Guide

About the Heat Index Calculator

Last updated: July 2026 · Reviewed by the NeftCal editorial team

This free heat index calculator uses the official U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) Rothfusz regression to convert air temperature and relative humidity into a "feels like" temperature — the heat index — along with an estimated heat-related illness risk level.

How It Works

Enter the current air temperature and relative humidity, and the calculator applies the Rothfusz regression, a statistical formula fitted to a physiological heat-stress model developed by Steadman in 1979. For temperatures below 80°F, where humidity has little practical effect on comfort, the calculator instead uses a simpler estimate. The formula also applies small corrections for very low or very high humidity within the valid temperature range, matching the exact method used by the NWS.

Who Should Use This Calculator

Anyone checking how hot it will actually feel before spending time outdoors in summer, outdoor workers and coaches assessing heat-stress risk, and event planners scheduling activities during hot, humid weather. The result is most meaningful for temperatures at or above 80°F (27°C), where humidity has a real impact on perceived heat.

Real-World Applications

  • Deciding whether it's safe to exercise or work outside on a hot, humid day
  • Understanding summer heat advisories and warnings that reference heat index
  • Planning outdoor events, sports practices, or activities during hot weather
  • Assessing heat-related illness risk for vulnerable groups like children, older adults, or outdoor workers
  • Pairing with NeftCal's Wind Chill Calculator for the cold-weather equivalent

Tips for Accurate Results

  • Use shaded-air temperature and humidity readings — direct sun exposure can add up to 15°F to the effective heat index.
  • Heat index below 80°F isn't very meaningful — humidity has limited effect on comfort at cooler temperatures.
  • Stay hydrated and take breaks in shade or air conditioning as the heat index climbs into the Extreme Caution or Danger ranges.
  • Remember heat index describes air conditions, not your body's actual core temperature — heed official heat warnings regardless of how you personally feel.
Formula

How Heat Index Is Calculated

The official NWS Rothfusz regression this calculator uses

Rothfusz Regression (°F, RH in %)
HI = −42.379 + 2.049T + 10.143RH − 0.225T·RH − 0.00684T² − 0.0548RH² + 0.00123T²·RH + 0.000853T·RH² − 0.00000199T²·RH²

Simplified Estimate (below 80°F)
HI ≈ 0.5 × [T + 61 + ((T − 68) × 1.2) + (RH × 0.094)]

Adjustments
Applied for RH below 13% (subtracts) or above 85% (adds), within the 80-112°F range
💧

Evaporative Cooling

The formula is based on a physiological model of how efficiently sweat evaporates at different temperature and humidity combinations, which drives your body's ability to cool itself.

📊

Statistical Regression

Rothfusz fitted this multi-term polynomial to Steadman's original heat-stress model so it could be calculated quickly without complex physiological equations.

🎯

Humidity Edge-Case Adjustments

Small corrections are applied for unusually low or high humidity within the 80-112°F range, keeping the result accurate at the extremes of the formula's typical use.

⚙️ Why This Formula Works

The Rothfusz regression is the official NWS method precisely because it closely reproduces Steadman's detailed physiological heat-stress model in a form that's fast to compute, making it practical for real-time weather forecasting and public heat advisories.

🎯 When to Use It

  • Hot, humid days with temperatures at or above 80°F
  • Assessing outdoor activity or work safety in summer heat
  • Understanding official heat advisories and warnings

📋 Assumptions

  • Shaded conditions with light wind — the standard heat index reference
  • A person of average size and health in typical clothing
  • Air temperature and humidity measured at standard weather-station height

⚠️ Limitations

  • Doesn't account for direct sun exposure, which can add up to 15°F
  • Less meaningful below 80°F, where a simplified estimate is used instead
  • Individual heat tolerance varies — this is a general estimate, not personalized
Walkthrough

Step-by-Step: How to Use the Heat Index Calculator

From entering conditions to reading your result

Enter the air temperature

Type the current air temperature in Fahrenheit or Celsius.

Enter the relative humidity

Type the current relative humidity as a percentage.

Click "Calculate"

See the heat index "feels like" temperature and its estimated heat danger risk level.

Example

Worked Example

A hot, humid summer day and a hot, drier day

Scenario 1 — 90°F With 70% Humidity

Temperature90°F
Relative Humidity70%
Step: Applying the Rothfusz regression to T=90°F and RH=70% gives a heat index of approximately 105.9°F — solidly in the "Extreme Caution" range, where heat cramps and heat exhaustion become possible with prolonged exposure or physical activity.
Heat Index
105.9°F

Scenario 2 — 95°F With 50% Humidity

Step: Applying the same formula with T=95°F and RH=50% gives a heat index of approximately 105.2°F — nearly identical to Scenario 1, showing how a higher temperature with lower humidity can feel about the same as a lower temperature with higher humidity.
Heat Index
105.2°F
Reference

Heat Danger Categories

Official NWS heat index risk categories and effects

Heat Index RangeRisk LevelPossible Effects
Below 80°FSafeLittle to no heat-related risk
80-90°FCautionFatigue possible with prolonged exposure or activity
90-103°FExtreme CautionHeat cramps and heat exhaustion possible
103-124°FDangerHeat cramps and heat exhaustion likely; heat stroke possible
124°F and aboveExtreme DangerHeat stroke highly likely with continued exposure

These categories are general guidance from official NWS heat index charts. Actual risk varies by individual health, hydration, activity level, and sun exposure — always follow local heat advisories and warnings.

Use Cases

Practical Use Cases for the Heat Index Calculator

Where knowing the "feels like" temperature matters

🏃

Outdoor exercise safety

Check whether conditions are safe for a run, workout, or sports practice.

🏗️

Outdoor work safety

Assess heat-stress risk for construction, agriculture, or landscaping work.

🎪

Event & activity planning

Schedule outdoor events with realistic expectations for summer heat conditions.

👶

Vulnerable population safety

Take extra precautions for children, older adults, or pets during high heat index conditions.

🌍

Travel planning

Understand what hot, humid destinations will actually feel like before you arrive.

Pros & Cons

Advantages and Limitations

What this heat index calculator does well, and where it has boundaries

✅ Advantages

  • Free, instant, and requires no signup
  • Runs entirely in your browser — no data is sent to a server
  • Uses the official NWS Rothfusz regression formula
  • Includes the standard low/high humidity adjustments
  • Supports both Fahrenheit and Celsius
  • Includes a heat danger risk guide alongside the result

⚠️ Limitations

  • Less meaningful below 80°F, where humidity has limited effect on comfort
  • Doesn't account for direct sun exposure, which can add up to 15°F
  • Individual heat tolerance varies — this is a general estimate
  • Not a substitute for official weather service warnings and advisories
Reference

Common Mistakes and Expert Tips

Get an accurate heat index reading

❌ Common Mistakes

  • Using direct-sun temperature readings instead of shaded readings — sun exposure can add up to 15°F to the effective feel
  • Ignoring the heat index and focusing only on the raw air temperature when planning outdoor activity
  • Assuming a "safe" heat index means no precautions are needed for vulnerable groups like children or older adults
  • Confusing heat index (warm-weather) with wind chill (cold-weather) — they're different calculations

💡 Expert Tips & Best Practices

  • Check heat index before extended outdoor activity, not just the air temperature
  • Stay hydrated and take frequent breaks in shade or air conditioning during Extreme Caution or higher conditions
  • Add extra caution in direct sunlight, since the heat index assumes shaded conditions
  • Pair this tool with NeftCal's Wind Chill Calculator for the cold-weather equivalent
📝

Summary: This heat index calculator uses the official NWS Rothfusz regression to turn air temperature and humidity into a "feels like" temperature and heat danger risk level — free, instant, and useful for hot-weather planning. Pair it with the Wind Chill Calculator or Dew Point Calculator for other weather comfort calculations.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about heat index

How is heat index calculated?
The U.S. National Weather Service uses the Rothfusz regression, a complex equation combining air temperature and relative humidity, valid for temperatures at or above 80°F (27°C). For cooler conditions, a simpler estimate is used instead. This calculator applies the correct formula automatically based on your inputs.
Why does humidity make hot weather feel hotter?
Your body cools itself by evaporating sweat from your skin. In humid air, the air is already holding more moisture, so sweat evaporates more slowly, which reduces your body's ability to cool itself — making the same air temperature feel hotter as humidity rises.
What heat index level is considered dangerous?
The NWS heat index chart defines four risk categories: Caution (80-90°F), Extreme Caution (90-103°F), Danger (103-124°F), and Extreme Danger (124°F and above), with increasing risk of heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke as the heat index rises.
Is heat index the same as the "feels like" temperature on a weather app?
For warm, humid conditions, yes — heat index is typically the basis for the "feels like" temperature shown on weather apps and forecasts during hot weather. In cold, windy conditions, apps instead show wind chill as the "feels like" value, since heat index and wind chill apply to opposite ends of the temperature range.
Does heat index apply in the shade as well as direct sun?
The standard heat index calculation assumes shady, light-wind conditions. Full sun exposure can add as much as 15°F to the effective heat index, and official heat advisories often note this separately, so actual conditions in direct sunlight can feel significantly hotter than the calculated heat index alone suggests.
Is heat index the same as wind chill?
No, they're opposite-season counterparts. Heat index estimates how much hotter warm, humid air feels, and applies at high temperatures. Wind chill estimates how much colder cold air feels due to wind, and applies at low temperatures. NeftCal has a separate Wind Chill Calculator for cold-weather conditions.
Learn More

Authoritative Resources on Heat Index

Official weather agency references to complement this calculator

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